Authors: Heather L. Gardner, Karthigayini Sivaprakasam, Natalia Briones, Victoria Zismann, Nieves Perdigones, Kevin Drenner, Salvatore Facista, Ryan Richholt, Winnie Liang, Jessica Aldrich, Jeffrey M. Trent, Peter G. Shields, Nicholas Robinson, Jeremy Johnson, Susan Lana, Peter Houghton, Joelle Fenger, Gwendolen Lorch, Katherine A. Janeway, Cheryl A. London, William P. D. Hendricks
Summary: Osteosarcoma (OS) is a rare, metastatic, human adolescent cancer that also occurs in pet dogs. To define the genomic underpinnings of canine OS, we performed multi-platform analysis of OS tumors from 59 dogs, including whole genome sequencing (n = 24) and whole exome sequencing (WES; n = 13) of primary tumors and matched normal tissue, WES (n = 10) of matched primary/metastatic/normal samples and RNA sequencing (n = 54) of primary tumors. We found that canine OS recapitulates features of human OS including low point mutation burden (median 1.98 per Mb) with a trend towards higher burden in metastases, high structural complexity, frequent TP53 (71%), PI3K pathway (37%), and MAPK pathway mutations (17%), and low expression of immune-associated genes. We also identified novel features of canine OS including putatively inactivating somatic SETD2 (42%) and DMD (50%) aberrations. These findings set the stage for understanding OS development in dogs and humans, and establish genomic contexts for future comparative analyses.
Source: Communications Biology, 2019; 2 (1)